Bragg-curve simulation of carbon-ion beams for particle-therapy applications: A study with the GEANT4 toolkit
نویسندگان
چکیده
We used the GEANT4 Monte Carlo MC Toolkit to simulate carbon ion beams incident on water, tissue, and bone, taking into account nuclear fragmentation reactions. Upon increasing energy of primary beam, position Bragg-Peak transfers a location deeper inside phantom. For different materials, peak is located at shallower depth along beam direction becomes sharper with electron density NZ. Subsequently, generated dose Bragg curve then benchmarked experimental data from GSI in Germany. The results exhibit reasonable correlation an accuracy between 0.02 0.08 cm, thus establishing basis adopt heavy-ion treatment planning. Kolmogorov-Smirnov K–S test further ascertained statistical point view that simulation matched experimentally measured very well. two-dimensional isodose contours entrance were compared those around tail region beyond peak, showing bone produces more dose, comparison both water due secondary doses. In show maximum deposited per fragment mainly attributed ions, followed by boron beryllium. Furthermore, number protons produced highest, making contribution total deposition region. Finally, associated spectra neutrons photons analyzed. mean neutron value was found be 16.29 MeV, 1.03 MeV for gamma. However, negligible as their longer range.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nuclear Engineering and Technology
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1738-5733', '2234-358X']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2021.02.011